Printf() and Scanf() in C

 

Printf() and Scanf() in C

Printf()

The printf() function is used to format and print output to the console. It takes a format string and a variable number of arguments, which are substituted into the format string.

Syntax:

printf(format_string, arg1, arg2, ...);

• format_string: A string containing format specifiers.
• arg1, arg2, ...: Optional arguments to be substituted into the format string.

Example:

int age = 25;
float pi = 3.14159;
char name[] = "Alice";

printf("My name is %s and I am %d years old.\n", name, age);
printf("The value of pi is: %f\n", pi);

Scanf()

The scanf() function is used to read formatted input from the console. It takes a format string and a variable number of pointers to variables where the input will be stored.

Syntax:

scanf(format_string, &arg1, &arg2, ...);

• format_string: A string containing format specifiers.
• &arg1, &arg2, ...: Pointers to variables where the input will be stored.

Example:

int number;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &number);
printf("You entered: %d\n", number);

Key Points:

• printf() is used to print output to the console.
• scanf() is used to read input from the console.
• Format specifiers control how data is printed or read.
• The & operator is used to pass the address of a variable to scanf().
• Always check the return value of scanf() to ensure successful input.